just released!
Fool Proof
How Fear of Playing the Sucker Shapes Our Selves and the Social Order—and What We Can Do About It
The fear of playing the fool is a universal psychological phenomenon and an underappreciated driver of human behavior; in the spirit of Malcolm Gladwell’s Blink and Susan Cain’s Quiet, Fool Proof tracks the implications of the sucker construct from personal choices to cultural conflict, ultimately charting an unexpected and empowering path forward.
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Advance Praise
“wise…well-reasoned analysis. This intriguing study of the psychological dynamics of scams shows how one can live with integrity in a sucker’s world.
— Kirkus
“persuasive debut… Wilkinson-Ryan’s analysis is compassionate and intelligent, and its basis in a mix of studies and real-world examples gives the advice a sound foundation. This is a thought-provoking entry”
— Publishers Weekly
“Wool is nice. So why do we just hate having it pulled over our eyes? Why would we rather be poor than cheated, mistaken than misled? Why would we rather be corpses than chumps? Smart, beautifully written, and grounded in science, Fool Proof explains how our aversion to being duped can make us the biggest suckers of all time. This book is a gem. Trust me. Would I lie to you?”
—Daniel Gilbert
Professor, Harvard University; author of New York Times bestseller Stumbling on Happiness; host of the award-winning PBS television series This Emotional Life.
“The fear of playing the sucker is so engrained in our psyches that it seems to be instinctual. But, as Fool Proof brilliantly reveals, exploitation narratives are profoundly shaped by racist and sexist stereotypes and frequently weaponized to bolster an inequitable social order. Contracts expert, moral psychologist, and mother of two Tess Wilkinson-Ryan draws on a fascinating trove of empirical research and familiar experiences to question the tradeoff between avoiding scams and caring for each other—and to illuminate a path to greater moral integrity.”
–Dorothy E. Roberts
Professor, University of Pennsylvania; author of Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty.
“Fascinating, highly original, and terrific. Wilkinson-Ryan gets at the heart of a fundamental problem -- and greatly illuminates law, policy, and human life in the process.”
–Cass R. Sunstein
Professor, Harvard University; co-author of New York Times bestseller Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health, Wealth, and Happiness.
“Thought-provoking and delightful on every page, Fool Proof is one of those books every curious reader will find themselves in. It reads like a fascinating conversation with someone brilliant you just met at a dinner party. With expertise and enthusiasm to burn, Wilkinson-Ryan has crafted a book I won’t be cooling off from anytime soon.”
— Amanda Montell
Author of Cultish and Wordslut
Overview
The fear of playing the fool is a universal psychological phenomenon and an underappreciated driver of human behavior; in the spirit of Malcolm Gladwell’s Blink, Dan Ariely’s Predictably Irrational, and Susan Cain’s Quiet, Fool Proof tracks the implications of the sucker construct from personal choices to cultural conflict, ultimately charting an unexpected and empowering path forward.
In the American moral vernacular, we have a whole thesaurus for victims of exploitation. They are suckers (born every minute), fools (not suffered gladly), dupes, marks, chumps, pawns, and losers. Fool me once, shame on you; fool me twice, shame on me. Cultural stories about suckers abound too: the Trojan Horse, the Boy Who Cried Wolf, the Emperor’s New Clothes, even Hansel and Gretel. If you believe that, I have a bridge to sell you. Don’t go out with him; he only wants one thing. The fear of playing the fool is not just a descriptive fact; it is a prescriptive theme: Don’t let that be you.
Most of us are constantly navigating two sets of imperatives: how to be successful and how to be good. The fear of being suckered whispers that you can’t do both, operating as a quiet caution against leaps of faith and acts of altruism. University of Pennsylvania law professor and moral psychologist Tess Wilkinson-Ryan brings evidence from studies in psychology, sociology, and economics to show how the sucker construct shapes, and distorts, human decision-making.
Fool Proof offers the first in-depth analysis of the sucker’s game as implicit worldview, drawing evidence everywhere from grocery shopping to international trade deals, from road rage to #MeToo. Offering real-world puzzles and stories, Wilkinson-Ryan explores what kinds of hustles feel like scams and which ones feel like business as usual, who gets pegged as suckers and who gets lauded as saints. She takes deep dives into areas like the psychology of stereotyping, the history of ethnic slurs, and the economics of the family—and shows how the threat of being suckered is deployed to perpetuate social and economic hierarchies.
Ultimately, Fool Proof argues that the goal is not so much to spot the con as to renegotiate its meaning. The fear of being suckered can be weaponized to disrupt cooperation and trust, but it can also be defused and reframed to make space for moral agency and social progress. Facing the fear of being suckered head-on means deciding for ourselves what risks to take, what relationships to invest in, when to share, and when to protest—drafting a new template for how to live with integrity in a sucker’s world.